before us discuss more technical problems deepen again, presumably Necessary payed make matters That person Interested in computer network and to what end this network is Used. computer network for human benefit cans be grouped in a network to companies, network for, and a network of social problems.
1.1.1 network for company / organization
in the build computer network at company / organization, there are Some That profit obtainable in matters resource sharing, reliability tall, economicaler, scalability, and communication media.
AIM resource sharing so That entire programs, device, especially data cans be Used by everyone exists in the network without influenced by resource and user location. so source sharing a effort to cause the loss of distance obstacle.
by using computer network reliability give earnest Tall That Is successor existence of alternative sources Happens if the problem in one of [the] ware in the network, the mean Because ware That Used More Than one if one of [the] ware experiences problems, so other ware replace cans it.
Little computer has price / performance ratio is better comparing with big computers. mainframe computer speed has approximately ten times speed of individual computers folds, but the price of mainframe one thousand times more expensive. with price / performance ratio of this difference, Big Enough causess system designer chooses to build systems consist of individual That compare uses mainframe computers.
That is meant with scalability ability to increase of system performance According to Little by little as According to the job loaded with only the add amount of processors. centralisation in the computer mainframe, if the system satisfied, so the computer must be Replaced with That has big special computer capability. wants this matter very big cost and cans causes disturbance Towards continuity users work.
cans a computer network to act as communication media both for Officials far apart. by using the network, two or more persons live far apart Easier That earnest cooperate in earnest composed report.
1.1.2 Network for
That lengtened been above what interest to build only only reason based in economy and technology. Pls does big mainframe computers and good obtainable at the price of cheap, so many companies / organizations That use it.
computer networks give earnest service to individuals at different houses will from be compared with the service given in company That to like what lengtened above. Things found around three form the computer network in an individual fascination That Is:
? That access to information at one's post far
? communication person-to-person
? interactive comfort.
there diverse forms an access to information long distance That cans be done, especially after bloom it internet technology, the messages at newspaper now cans at down load internet pass to our computer, and not only now That WE DO order a product passes the Internet, Business That known with the term electronic commerce (e-commerce), this now berkemang at full speed.
Also by using our internet can do person-to person communication, electronic mail facilities (e-mail) worn Millions According to spread by person. e-mail communication uses this still to contain the delay or time delay.
videoconferencing or illusion That meeting is technology make possible the happenings of long distance communication without delay. Also cans meeting this illusion be Used for long distance school, get a medical investigation result a doctor That at one's post far, and amount of another application.
video on demand network computers some fascination for third proselytizer person per Nowhere cans We choose a movie or television program from a particular country and then displayed at our monitors sail.
1.1.3 social network problem
use by the vast network society will from social causes problems, ethics, and policies. Internet society has stepped into all life corners, cans make everybody use it without reference to socials status, age, sex. Internet use will of notes Evoke problems During the subject limited to technical topics, education or hobby, matters in life norms limit, but difficulty Begins to Appear Pls topic has a site at very attractive person of attention, like policies, religion, sex. Pictures That May be installed at sites will from be something very earnest That Disturb for Some people. Besides, messages form is not limited to textual messages. tall with colored photos and even video clip resolution singkatpun Easily cans now pass to disseminate computer network. Some people cans irresponsive not offish, but for installing another sebgaian perform certain matter (pornography for example) inacceptable be something that.
02.01-kind computer network
in the study found two computer network Kinds Classifications of vital importance That Is transmission technology and distance. marginally, found two transmission technology Kinds That Is the network broadcast and network point-to-point
broadcast network has a single communication channel together That Is worn by all engines exist in the network.
Little messages measures, Called package, be sent by a engine will from some machines accepted by another. address field in a package full explanation about to whom the package is attributed. moment get the package, engine checks the address field. Pls does serbut attributed package for self, so the engine will of processed That package, Pls is attributed for another engine package, engine serbut ignore it.
network point-to-point consist of individual installments pair connections from machines. to send a package from source to AIM, a package pad ajringan this type of May-be must pass one or more mediators machines. oftentimes must pass route baynak May be differ the distance. Rout algorithm therefore hold is Important role in the network point-to-point.
Smaller networks in general and localization geographically cendurung wear broadcasting, while larger ones network uses point-to-point.
alternative criteria to clasify network is based in the distance. table follows to display multiple classification system based on the physical criteria. dataflow machines, computers very parallel installments That has all the function units of work for Same program. then multicomputer, Communicate with Manner That system sends the messages short bus passes and very fast. after-class true multicomputer networks, computers bekomunikasi by swop data / message passes longer cable. network like this be divisible local area network (lan), metropolitan area network (man), and wide area network (wan). final Connection Between two or more networks Called internetwork. Internet is one of [the] famous example from a internetwork.
1.2.1 local area network
local area network (lan) be private ownership of the network in a building or campus That Measure Until installments kilometers.
lan oftentimes Used to the connect individual computers and workstations in offices or companies Factories to wear with resources (for example, printers, scanners) and mutual swop information. distinguishable from another lan-kind network based on three characteristics: size, transmission technology and the topology.
lan has limited size, the mean That transmission time in the situation limited and knowable obsolence previous. given the keterbatasn, causes possibility for existence to use to perform certain kind design. Also this matter the make network management easy.
lan oftentimes use teknologih single cable transmission. operate on a traditional lan speed Begins Until 10 100 mbps (cloud beet / second) with low delay (TENS micro second) and has little error factor. modern lan cans operate on higher speed, Until hundreds megabits / second.
1.1 Kinds picture two broadcast networks. (A) bus. (B) ring
That Kinds installments topology found cans be Used in lan broadcast. Between 1.1 DESCRIBE picture two existing topologies. in the bus network (That Is cable liner), at one time a engine acts as a master and admitted to send packages. Necessary machines another self to hold back does not send to whatever. so to Prevent the happenings of conflict, Pls two engines or eager to envy concurrently, so the regulator mechanism is need. me4kanisme regulator formed centralisation or distributing cans. Called the popular IEEE 802.3 Ethernet network broadcast some of the bus controller with the Decentralization That operate on speed 10 s. d. 100 mbps. computers in ethernet cans send any time They Want, Pls two or more packages collid, so EACH computer random lay Enough with the wait time repeatings again before delivery.
other broadcast system ring, in this topology is every beet is sent to the region without the wait vinicity complete package is accepted. ring usually surrounds every beet During That wanted to send installments Beets, oftentimes even before complete entire package is sent. like another broadcast system, rules installments must be filled to restrain access to simultaneous ring. IEEE 802.5 (token ring) That some popular ring lan operate on speed Between 4 s. to 16 mbps.
based on channel allocation, the network broadcast some two divisible, that is static and dynamic. kind of al; okasi static divisible based on internationals time menykrit and round robin algorithm, admit every engine to do a broadcast only the time slots Pls been accepted. Often static allocation channel capacity muff Pls note has a engine lgi Necessary done at the (time) the allocation of slots accepted. therefore a large part inclined system-dynamicly allocate channel (That is based on need).
dynamic channel allocation method for a centralisation cans and or Decentralization. channel allocation method in centralisation found a single entity, the regulator bus unit for example, determine to WHO's turn next. this package delivery get cans be done after the turn and make a decision related to an internal algorithm. Decentralization in the method aloksi channels, not found a central entity, every engine must determine th cans cans Pls send it or not.
1.2.2 metropolitan area network
metropolitan area network (man) Basically some version lan That measure bigger and usually wear technology equal to lan. man cans include company offices close to one another and cans be maked use for individual (private) or general. man usually subsidize mamapu data and voice, and even cans Relate to cable television network. has only a man or two buiah cable and does the switching element has, functioned to regulate the output cable package passes installments. make plans for existence switching element is simpleer.
principal reason has separated man as a special category to specify the standard to man, and now implement this standard. Called standard dqdb (menytributed queue dual bus) or follow the standard IEEE 802.6. dqdb cables consist of two unidirectional Nowhere all computers related, like showed in picture 1.2. every has a head-end bus, ware to begin transmission activity. That traffic AIM computers reside in. That right side on the sender uses the bus part. Traffic up at left use the bus That unders.
1.3 architecture dqdb picture man
1.2.3 Wide area network
wide area network (wan) include the vast geographical region, sertingkali include a country or continent. wan That collection consist of engines AIM to mejalan application program.
We follow the traditional use and Marshall Called
this is as host machines. term end system Sometimes Also Used in literature. related host communication with a subnet, or subnet Called Enough. task subnet bring messages from host to host another, as does a telephone system, That bring the discussion contents from the speaker to listener. with separate pure aspect a communication network (subnet) from the application aspects (host), complete network plan is far simpleer.
in part big-wan, subnet consist of two components, that is transmission cable and the switching element. transmission cable (is Also Called circuit, channel, or trunk) Beets move from one engine to another engine.
That computer special switching element is worn to the connect two or more transmission cables. moment of data to receivers of cable, switching elements, the sender must choose a cable to devolve messages. unfortunately there is no standard terminology in the call computer likes this. Called the name highly Varied package switching nodes, intermidiate systems, data switching exchange and as it.
Between 1.4 host connection picture with subnet
as a generic term for computer switching, Marshall We use the term router. but it is Important to know beforehand That Is' there is no consensus in this terminology use. in this model, like picture 1.4 showed by every host related to the router lan Nowhere found a place, although in A Few conditon a host cans perform certain related direct to a router. communication channel collection and routers (but not host) form the subnet.
term subnet of vital importance, formerly subnet router and the mean collection collection-channel communication sakuran That move package from host host AIM. tatapi, beberpa year then get another subnet addressing meaning in connection with the network.
in part big-wan, the network consists of the amount of many cables or telephone channels That router connects a pair. Pls two routers do not contain Same cable communication, both direct bots communicating must pass another router. Pls a package sent from a router to router router pass another mediator or more, so the package will from be accepted routers in a state of complete, kept Until the output channel be free, and then new sustained.
That subnet likes this principle contain Called subnet point-to-point, store-and-forward, or packet-switched. most of all employees (except That use satellite) has a subnet store-and-forward.
subnet in use point-to-point interconnection topology Important problems kind plan router election. 1.5 Explain installments topology picture possibilities. lan usually formed symmetrical topology, on the contrary wan bertopologi usually not stabilized.
